Maternal care affects the phenotype of a rat model for schizophrenia

نویسندگان

  • Ruben W. M. van Vugt
  • Francisca Meyer
  • Josephus A. van Hulten
  • Jeroen Vernooij
  • Alexander R. Cools
  • Michel M. M. Verheij
  • Gerard J. M. Martens
چکیده

Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder caused by an interplay between genetic and environmental factors, including early postnatal stressors. To explore this issue, we use two rat lines, apomorphine-susceptible (APO-SUS) rats that display schizophrenia-relevant features and their phenotypic counterpart, apomorphine-unsusceptible (APO-UNSUS) rats. These rat lines differ not only in their gnawing response to apomorphine, but also in their behavioral response to novelty (APO-SUS: high, APO-UNSUS: low). In this study, we examined the effects of early postnatal cross-fostering on maternal care and on the phenotypes of the cross-fostered APO-SUS and APO-UNSUS animals later in life. Cross-fostered APO-UNSUS animals showed decreased body weights as pups and decreased novelty-induced locomotor activity as adults (i.e., more extreme behavior), in accordance with the less appropriate maternal care provided by APO-SUS vs. their own APO-UNSUS mothers (i.e., the APO-SUS mother displayed less non-arched-back nursing and more self-grooming, and was more away from its nest). In contrast, cross-fostered APO-SUS animals showed increased body weights as pups and reduced apomorphine-induced gnawing later in life (i.e., normalization of their extreme behavior), in line with the more appropriate maternal care provided by APO-UNSUS relative to their own APO-SUS mothers (i.e., the APO-UNSUS mother displayed more non-arched-back nursing and similar self-grooming, and was not more away). Furthermore, we found that, in addition to arched-back nursing, non-arched-back nursing was an important feature of maternal care, and that cross-fostering APO-SUS mothers, but not cross-fostering APO-UNSUS mothers, displayed increased apomorphine-induced gnawing. Thus, cross-fostering not only causes early postnatal stress shaping the phenotypes of the cross-fostered animals later in life, but also affects the phenotypes of the cross-fostering mothers.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Schizophrenia Induces Oxidative Stress and Cytochrome C Release in Isolated Rat Brain Mitochondria: a Possible Pathway for Induction of Apoptosis and Neurodegeneration

Schizophrenia is a chronic and often debilitating illness which affects about 1% of the world population. Some reagents have been used to simulate schizophrenic disorders in laboratory animals, such as amphetamine and ketamine. Previous studies have suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reduced levels of ATP, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis are involved in the pathoph...

متن کامل

Schizophrenia Induces Oxidative Stress and Cytochrome C Release in Isolated Rat Brain Mitochondria: a Possible Pathway for Induction of Apoptosis and Neurodegeneration

Schizophrenia is a chronic and often debilitating illness which affects about 1% of the world population. Some reagents have been used to simulate schizophrenic disorders in laboratory animals, such as amphetamine and ketamine. Previous studies have suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reduced levels of ATP, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis are involved in the pathoph...

متن کامل

Effect of Strengthening Family Coping Resources on Emotion Regulation of Family Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia

Background: Strengthening the coping resources as an instruction for anxiety-regulation may affect the emotion-regulation of families. Regarding the significant role of families in health of these patients, it seems that interference in strengthening coping resources affects their emotion-regulation. Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of strengtheni...

متن کامل

The effect of maternal hyperthyroidism on the formation of the cerebellar cortical layers in the rat embryo

It has been shown that maternal hyperthyroidism can affects on neonatal outcomes such as spontaneous abortion, intrauterine growth retardation. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of hyperthyroidism on formation of cerebellar cortical layers in the rat embryos. Thirty Sprague-Dawley female sexually mature rats weighting 200 ± 20 g were used in the study. Female rats were rand...

متن کامل

The effect of maternal hyperthyroidism on the formation of the cerebellar cortical layers in the rat embryo

It has been shown that maternal hyperthyroidism can affects on neonatal outcomes such as spontaneous abortion, intrauterine growth retardation. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of hyperthyroidism on formation of cerebellar cortical layers in the rat embryos. Thirty Sprague-Dawley female sexually mature rats weighting 200 ± 20 g were used in the study. Female rats were rand...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 8  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2014